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Kategorie: TRAFO

Electric Istanbul

In her research project, EUME Fellow Nurçin İleri traces the electrification of Istanbul during the transition from the Ottoman Empire to the modern Turkish nation state. She examines how, where and by whom electrical energy was generated and how it was distributed. In doing so, she shows how the electricity grid spread around the Bosphorus with street lights and electric trams, creating new social and political interdependencies and permanently changing the everyday lives of many Istanbulites.

Water sovereignty from the Andes to Palestine: On the global expansion of the national Israeli water company to Argentina and the formation of transnational solidarity

By Miriam Bartelmann. Mekorot, the national water company of Israel, is increasing its presence in Argentina through agreements over water management in ten provinces. This includes all provinces along the Andes, where struggles around water are linked to the extraction of resources. These struggles are often led by Indigenous populations and urban activists affected by water shortages and pollution through extractivist corporations. United by the opposition to the loss of autonomy over water, groups connect transnationally, learning from the experience of water apartheid in the occupied Palestinian territories and resist the loss of sovereignty over their water resources.

Constitutional Imperative vs. Parliamentary Defiance in Albania: The Unresolved Case of an Alleged Mandate Incompatibility

By Arnisa Tepelija. When can a constitutional court compel a democratically elected parliament to act against its will, or compel it to vote in a certain way? Or, to put it differently, can a parliament ignore the decisions of the constitutional court? These questions lie at the heart ofa protracted standoff between the National Assembly in Albania and its Constitutional Court. The standoff reveals competing visions of democracy: one prioritising majority rule and legislative autonomy, the other emphasising constitutional obligation and political party minority protection.

Bureaucrats Under Illiberal Rule. How Governments Subdue Bureaucrats and How They Fight Back

By Dániel G. Szabó. This blog post summarises and analyses some of the leading scholarship on bureaucrats under illiberal rule and compares leading authors’ taxonomies on government approaches and strategies towards the bureaucracy, and bureaucratic reactions to these actions. It is discussed how governments might try to influence and subdue the public service and how it can fight back or resist. Despite the immense importance of the topic – governments in our societies cannot do anything without the intermediation of an army of bureaucrats – it is relatively understudied.

Illiberális kormány és a közigazgatás. Az államapparátus térdre kényszerítése és bürokratikus ellenállás

[HUNGARIAN] By Dániel G. Szabó. Ez a tanulmány az illiberális kormányok mellett működő közigazgatásról szóló szakirodalmat elemezte és összehasonlította, hogy különbőz szerzők hasonló jelenségeket milyen különböző fogalmakkal írnak le. A közigazgatás óriási jelentősége ellenére – hiszen a modern társadalmakat hivatalnokok működtetik – ez továbbra is kevéssé kutatott terület. Záró gondolatként a blogbejegyzés amellett érvelt, hogy a kormány és az apparátus viszonyát kutató szakirodalom általános szervezetszociológiai keretben is értelmezhető, valamint kiemelte a kérdőíves és interjúalapú kutatások megvilágító erejét, valamint – új elemként – a bírósági jegyzőkönyvek forrásértékét.

Re-thinking Peace and Conflict Studies in a Postcolonial World

By Miriam Bartelmann, Viviana García Pinzón, and Fabricio Rodríguez. The conference Re-thinking Peace and Conflict Studies in a Postcolonial World took place in Tunis in October 2025, marking the culmination of four years of collaborative research, while opening a space for collective reflection on the network’s contributions to the field. The discussions addressed the deep relationship between knowledge production and global hierarchies, showing that rethinking peace and conflict studies necessarily entails confronting the field’s epistemic foundations while remaining attentive to geopolitical developments, uneven power relations and the political economies affecting it.

Castles of Illiberal Thought. The Rise and Role of Government-Organised Non-Governmental Organisations in Academic Contexts

By Etienne Hanelt. Academic freedom has been significantly curtailed in recent years, albeit in Hungary, not the EU at large. The Hungarian government has done this both through pressure on academic institutions on the one hand and the creation and expansion of illiberal Government-Organised Non-Governmental Organisations (GONGOs). This article looks at Mathias Corvinus Collegium (MCC), an Orbán-linked “think tank” and academy for nurturing illiberal elites. “Experts” from these institutes are often invited in Hungarian public television to present, elaborate and support the government’s positions.

Az illiberális gondolkodás bástyái: A kormány által szervezett nem kormányzati szervezetek felemelkedése és szerepe az akadémiai térben

[HUNGARIAN] By Etienne Hanelt. Academic freedom has been significantly curtailed in recent years, albeit in Hungary, not the EU at large. The Hungarian government has done this both through pressure on academic institutions on the one hand and the creation and expansion of illiberal Government-Organised Non-Governmental Organisations (GONGOs). This article looks at Mathias Corvinus Collegium (MCC), an Orbán-linked “think tank” and academy for nurturing illiberal elites. “Experts” from these institutes are often invited in Hungarian public television to present, elaborate and support the government’s positions.

Between Trade-Based Food Security and Self-Sufficiency: Agricultural Policies and Sectors in Tunisia

By Emile van Ommeren. Around the globe, countries are rethinking their food policy strategies in response to the increasingly uncertain geopolitical situation and climate change. Many countries have expressed their interests in improving their levels of food self-sufficiency– i.e., the extent to which a country can satisfy its food needs from its own domestic production. Rather than taking a state-level perspective, my goal is to understand the role and position of Tunisian farmers in the current debate about food and trade policy. Is there broad support among farmers for a shift towards policies that prioritize local agricultural production? Or are producers in Tunisia divided over the question of how higher levels of food security can be attained?

A Body of Clay: The Vanishing Tradition of House-Building in the Donetsk Region

By Anton Dorokh. A traditional Ukrainian village house (khata) had one floor, white clay-and-wood walls, a hay-covered roof, and small windows. Is there something in this architectural tradition that can serve as a counterpoint to the Soviet narrative? Our family house, which was built in the same style, was destroyed, the ability to return there every summer taken away, and this article is an attempt to resist further dehumanisation and erasure. This purpose made me ask my grandmother questions I had never asked before, to learn histories I did not know as a kid, and I hope that by sharing them with other people I can spark curiosity toward other aspects of Ukrainian culture that are now being erased.

“The struggle has always been one” – On the Third Samira al-Khalil Award Ceremony

By Anne-Marie McManus. On December 9th, members and allies of the Syrian community gathered at Spore Initiative in Berlin-Neukölln to remember the life, activism, and disappearance of Samira al-Khalil. They did so under the aegis of the Samira al-Khalil Award, a three-year old prize that recognizes and honors activists – particularly women – who “struggle to end violations of fundamental rights and freedoms in the Arab and Mediterranean regions.” It was an evening dedicated to individuals who resist in the face of violence and despair, through their activism, narrative, and solidarity.

“Maybe we should start by admitting the truth” – 5in10 with Eli Osheroff

Eli Osheroff is a historian of the modern Middle East, with a focus on Arab political and intellectual history and the Arab-Zionist conflict. He holds a PhD from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and was a postdoctoral fellow at the Truman Institute, at the Jacob Robinson Institute at the Hebrew University, and in the Dan David Society of Fellows at Tel Aviv University. His first book, based on his doctoral dissertation, is forthcoming from the Van Leer Institute and deals with Arab political imagination from the late Ottoman period to 1948. The book focuses on Arab visions for an independent Palestine and the place of Jewish settlers in the future Arab state. Eli’s articles have appeared in the British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies, the Israel-Palestine Review, and other venues.

The Constitutional Court of the Republic of Indonesia: Experimenting with a Developmental Conception of Democracy

By Rosa Ristawati. This post discusses selected decisions in which the Indonesian Constitutional Court attempted to conceptualize democracy more explicitly. The principles of democracy have included public participation in the open-proportional system of election, the open and fair contest of election (the simultaneous resources elections provide for political legitimacy and free competition), political inclusion (the elimination of threshold and minimum age judgment), and equal access to the political system (anti-discrimination standards for candidates). Ultimately, the Court’s discourse in these decisions leans towards formulating an obligation for democracy to give room and opportunity for all people without exceptions.

Berlin Museums Set To Return Everything

By Loes Hendriks, Çiçek İlengiz, Florence Potter and Judith Sieber. ‘Berlin Museums Set To Return Everything’ reviews a temporary exhibition of the Berlin Pergamon Museum, a glimpse into their year-long reconstruction phase, against the grain. The mock piece looks optimistically at the display of the exhibition, proposing that gives the impression that a critical refection of the state of restitution in Germany has actually led to its logical solution: to finally return everything in order to arrive at the form of the decolonial museum.

The European Democracy Shield – A Toolbox for Safeguarding Digital Democracy?

By Valentina Golunova. On 12 November 2025, the European Commission presented its long-awaited Communication ‘European Democracy Shield: Empowering Strong and Resilient Democracies’. It promises to ‘reinforce the core elements that allow citizens to live our shared democratic values every day’ (European Commission, 2025c). To that end, the European Democracy Shield (EUDS) puts forward a broad spectrum of measures to strengthen the security and integrity of the European Union’s (EU) information ecosystem, particularly in the face of foreign interference.

Machtat of Kerkenah: An Empowering Motherly Continuum and Cultural Heritage – 5in10 with Souhir Zekri

Souhir Zekri holds a PhD in English Studies from the University of Strathclyde (Glasgow, Scotland) and currently teaches at the Higher Institute of Digital Engineering of Tunis (University of Tunis). Her main research areas include life writing theory, motherhood and gender studies, the Italian Diaspora in Scotland, and spatial theory. She also writes short stories and first-person testimonies in relation to gender and harassment. In the academic year 2025–26, Souhir is a MECAM Fellow, working on her project on traditional women singers in Tunisia.

On Images and Objects of Russia’s War against Ukraine: An Introduction

By Miglė Bareikytė, Natasha Klimenko and Viktoriya Sereda. Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 has swiftly spread through both social and traditional media on a global scale. Meanwhile, with the spread of widely available generative AI technologies and its misuse for strategic disinformation by authoritarian regimes like Russia, the future of visualising war and conflict zones seems poised for confusion and uncertainty. The aim of the dossier is to analyse the difficult and painful environments that have emerged in Ukraine in the aftermath of various legacies of violence, including Russia’s full-scale invasion.